This study offers an overview of the decline in Type 1 Federal Firearms Licenses (FFLs) holders from 245,628 in 1994 to 56,577 in 2016. The report details gun lobby efforts to try and reverse the decline and offers recommendations to further improve the regulation of gun dealers. The study also acknowledges the progress made in reducing the number of illegitimate gun dealers since the 1992 publication of the VPC’s landmark study More Gun Dealers Than Gas Stations.